BIOPHILIC DESIGN AS A COMPONENT OF VISUAL ARCHITECTURE MANAGEMENT IN GREEN STANDARDS

The article discusses the principles of managing the visual qualities of architectural projects in green standards using biophilic design strategies. The relevance of the research is related to the dynamic development of construction, technologies, as well as the growth of economic, social and environmental challenges. Regular updating of rating systems for environmental certification of architecture allows taking into account current trends, flexibly adapting to them and offering an effective approach to modern project solutions. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the introduction of clear methodologies into green standards regarding the consideration of visual and aesthetic parameters of architecture. Therefore, an argumentative base is being formed regarding the need to assess the visual impact of an architectural project. The research analysis indicates an interest in the research and application of the principles of biophilic design in architecture, its connection with the visual impact, which corresponds to the Global Goals of the Sustainable Development Strategy. The credit criteria of the project version of the LEED v5 standard and the WELL v2 standard, which refer to biophilic design, are investigated. In the LEED standard, it is a "Connection with nature" credit, in the WELL standard, it is planning and site selection. Kehlert and Calabrese's Biophilic Design Practices and the environmental design and planning consultancy Terrapin Bright Green's regulated biophilic design strategies are analyzed in detail. In Kellert's strategy, defined 24 attributes are considered, which are divided into 3 categories - "Direct experience of nature", "Indirect experience of nature", "Experience of space and place". The "Terrapin Bright Green" strategy considers 14 attributes of biophilic design, divided into 3 categories - "Nature in space, "Natural analogies", "Nature of space". The article notes that the visual and aesthetic components of architecture affect human condition. Therefore, the considered green standards, such as LEED v5, WELL v2, refer to biophilic design as one of the strategies that allows to manage at a certain level the visual qualities of architecture. In addition, the use of modern augmented and virtual reality tools in the study of biophilic design is noted. It is noted that such an approach can be used in the development of a systematic methodology for assessing the visual qualities of architecture certified according to green standards.