Recent advances in the photocatalytic remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most hazardous environmental pollutants due to their high toxicity, carcinogenicity, and ability to accumulate in ecosystems. The development of effective methods for their deactivation is an extremely pressing issue in modern science. One of the most promising methods for efficient PAHs destruction is photocatalytic degradation, which is based on the use of semiconductor materials. Photocatalysis is an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient approach that facilitates the oxidation of PAHs through light irradiation, resulting in the formation of less harmful compounds. This area of research is rapidly advancing, with new materials and approaches emerging each year to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, particularly PAHs. Special attention is given to the development of new photocatalytic materials such as modified oxides of titanium, zinc, iron, and metal- and graphene-based nanocomposites, which offer high activity, stability, and effectiveness in real-world conditions. The review presented in this paper systematizes recent advancements in the field of photocatalytic degradation of PAHs, focusing on key aspects of mechanisms, materials, and future research prospects.