Embracing the future: The application of regenerative biomaterials in the spinal disorders

Spinal disorders, particularly disc degeneration, vertebral fractures, and loss of spinal stability, have become a major health problem affecting quality of life worldwide. Although conventional treatments such as surgery and conservative therapy provide some relief, these methods often fail to fully address the underlying problems of spinal disorders. In recent years, the application of regenerative biomaterials has provided new ideas and solutions for the repair and regeneration of spinal disorders. This paper provides a systematic review of the application of regenerative biomaterials in the treatment of spinal disorders, including natural materials, synthetic materials and composites. In addition, this paper describes several advanced tissue engineering fabrication techniques, such as 3D printing and bioprinting, which enable regenerative biomaterials to be applied more precisely in the treatment of spinal disorders. This paper also explores the role of regenerative biomaterials in spinal disorders. The aim of this paper is to provide references and new insights for future exploration of the application of regenerative biomaterials in spinal disorders, and to promote research and clinical practice in related fields, with a view to achieving more effective and safer therapeutic strategies for spinal disorders.