State and Business in Financing the Goals of Sustainable Development

Sustainable development remains the main priority of the global community, but the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) faces serious financial difficulties. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly exacerbated the problem of uneven access to finance, widening the gap between developed and developing countries. The events of 2022, in particular the war in Ukraine, further complicated the global economic situation, leading to a sharp increase in food and energy prices, as well as a deterioration in financial conditions. These factors have significantly narrowed the fiscal space for many developing countries, increasing the risk of a fiscal crisis. The article analyzes the main sources of financing for sustainable development, such as public spending and foreign investment, which currently face serious obstacles. It highlights the challenges of mobilizing sufficient financial resources from both domestic and international sources, as well as the importance of foreign direct investment for economic growth, job creation and environmental sustainability. The authors emphasize the need for urgent and balanced actions to prevent a long-term crisis in the financing of the Sustainable Development Goals and to ensure the basic conditions of existence, health care and general well-being of the population.