Transforming cities into sustainable and healthy territories starts with the “Culture of water”: learning from traditional peoples and communities of the Carapitanga river basin

Introduction In a world where one in four individuals lacks assured access to water, this article investigates how the experiences of Traditional Peoples and Communities (TPCs) can serve as a guiding light in the search for solutions to water disparities, exacerbated by global warming. The study focuses on the microterritory known as Carapitanga in Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where the presence of indigenous, quilombola and caiçara communities highlights the significance of territorially-based and nature-focused solutions. Methods The research utilises the Ecology of Knowledge and Action Research as methodological pillars to investigate the Water Culture of TPCs and its impact on the Hydrosocial Cycle. Results The study reveals that the Water Culture of TPCs stimulates actions that propel balance in the Hydrosocial Cycle. This knowledge casts new light on the governance of water and sanitation. Discussion The findings offer alternatives anchored in the concept of Buen Vivir and the recognition of water as a fundamental source of life for cities worldwide. This not only contributes to the understanding of water resource management but also presents potential solutions for global water access disparities.