The interaction of adverse childhood experiences, sex, and transgender identity as risk factors for depression: disparities in transgender adults

Transgender adults may benefit more from depression interventions informed by and addressing childhood trauma than their cisgender counterparts, particularly for transgender adults who were assigned female at birth. Our findings suggest a need for greater and improved data collection of gender, experiences associated with assigned sex at birth, and ACE as these relate to the transgender community. This will allow for a better understanding of the intersecting influences of sexism, transphobia, and ACE on adult depression and for identifying particularly vulnerable sub-populations in need of support.