A Model Experimental Study on Water flows out from the Ballast Tank for Emergency Rising of Submarines

Accurate assessment models are crucial for ensuring the safe operation of submarines during emergency rising, highlighting the need for a precise mathematical model to optimize ballast tank operations. The emergency rising process involves the rapid release of high-pressure compressed air from the ballast tank, a complex sequence influenced by variations in depth and pressure. This study focuses on developing and validating a mathematical model to accurately simulate this operation. Building upon prior studies of the air-blowing process within the ballast tank was performed. An experimental setup was also established to measure discharge rates under varying depths and pressures, facilitating a comparative analysis of experimental and simulated data. The findings reveal that pressure loss is a critical factor influencing the discharge flow rate. Consequently, a new formula is proposed to dynamically adjust pressure loss based on changes in depth and pressure. This model significantly improves the accuracy of flow rate calculations across diverse operating conditions, surpassing earlier models that relied on fixed pressure loss coefficients. The proposed approach is expected to enhance predictions of submarine attitude changes during emergency rising maneuvers.