An index structure supporting efficient querying of historical transactions on the blockchain

Blockchain technology is increasingly being utilized in the field of digital assets, especially in asset tracking and traceability. In order to ensure the efficiency of asset tracking and traceability, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of querying historical transactions. However, the traditional database search method in the blockchain system is no longer applicable. Searching for historical transactions requires traversing the entire chain, which is very inefficient. Designing an efficient and safe index structure for querying historical transactions is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. While the Account Transaction Trace Chain (ATTC) improves the efficiency of querying historical transactions between two accounts, the long transaction chains of active accounts still pose challenges in terms of traversal time. To further enhance query efficiency, we propose a new index structure Account Transaction Subchain (ATSC), which connects transactions with the same account in the transaction chain through hash pointers to form a subchain, converting the query method from sequential traversal to based on subchain query. At the same time, the construction algorithm and query algorithm of ATSC are designed, and the simulation experiment results show that the index structure effectively improves query efficiency.