Optimal Control Analysis of Isolation and Treatment Strategies on the Transmission Dynamics and Control of Lassa Fever

This study constructed and examined a mathematical model on the dynamics of Lassa fever transmission and control. We took into account two interacting rodent and human populations. There are six groups within the human population, one of which is made up of people who underwent complicated recovery. Additionally, there are three divisions within the rodent population. The reduction of susceptible, latent, and infectious individuals by treatment and isolation is the main goal of this work. The goal of optimality is to reduce the number of latent and infectious individuals through isolation and treatment. The amount of influence of the controls in lowering the population of causal pathogens and susceptible, latent, and infectious people is determined by applying the optimal control theory. The model's optimal solution was established using Pontryagin's maximum principle, and the optimal system was then generated and solved numerically. Graphs were used to create simulations showing how the controls affected susceptible, latent, and infected persons. The results demonstrated that applying the two controls simultaneously can be one of the quick and efficient strategies to regulate Lassa Fever.