Clinical, functional and anatomical-topographic results of retinal detachment treatment using method of circular scleral depression and personalized calculation of the length of a circular scleral buckle

Relevance. Circular scleral buckling (SB) is a surgical technique that ensures adaptation of the retina to the underlying membranes due to the created depression shaft, which reduces the traction tension on the retina from the vitreal cavity and blocks the edges of the retinal gap, due to the application of a circular scleral filling along the equator of the eyeball. Subjective assessment of the correctness of the height of the scleral indentation as a result of the application of SB and the large dependence of its effectiveness on the long-term practice of treating this disease are due to the lack of a standard for selecting the length of a circular scleral buckle. Purpose. To conduct a clinical, functional and anatomical and topographic analysis of the results of treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using method of circular extrascleral buckling and personalized calculation of the length of a circular scleral buckle. Material and methods. Clinical part of this study, including selection, examination, surgery and postoperative observation of patients, was carried out on the basis of Eye Microsurgery Ekaterinburg Center from June 2021 to March 2023. As part of the work, a retrospective analysis of the treatment of 110 eyes (110 patients) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 48 (44%) men and 62 (56%) women aged 15 to 69 years (40.39±5.44), was carried out using the circular method of scleral buckle using a porous silicone filling with a diameter of 3 mm (IGZh-3, MedSil, Russia). The first group (main) consisted of 50 eyes (50 patients) operated according to the developed method using personalized calculator of the cerclage tape. The second group (control) included 60 eyes (60 patients) in which the traditional technique was used. Results. Complete retinal reattachment was observed in 45 cases (90%) in the main group and in 42 (70%) in the control group (p<0.05). The period of relapse ranged from 5 to 21 days (7.4±2.3) and from 6 to 19 (7.33±1.7), respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion. Technology of circular scleral buckle with the calculation of a personalized buckle length makes it possible to achieve optimal values of the height of the scleral indentation, which increases the anatomical efficiency of the procedure, reduces the number of postoperative complications and provides higher functional indicators in patients with retinal detachment. Key words: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, calculation of scleral buckle length, scleral buckle