Nano-polyhedral carbon frameworks as inhibitors of layered double hydroxides self-stacking for high-performance chloride ion batteries

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have garnered significant attention as cathode materials for emerging chloride ion batteries (CIBs) because of their high chloride-storage capacity, abundant availability of raw materials, and exceptional dendrite-free characteristics. However, their further advancement is hampered by intrinsic low conductivity and self-stacking issues. In this study, we address these challenges by synthesizing C/NiCoMo LDH materials with hollow carbon nanocages derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are further used as cathodes for CIBs. The MOF-derived hollow carbon framework not only retains the structural integrity of the MOF matrix, but also provides additional active sites and diffusion channels, enhancing both electrical conductivity and electron transfer . The C/NiCoMo LDH cathode achieves a maximum specific capacity of approximately 132.7 mAh g −1 after undergoing 350 cycles at a current density of 400 mA g −1 , and demonstrates near-perfect coulomb efficiency. Moreover, the introduction of a carbon framework significantly enhances the diffusion coefficient of chlorine ions, increasing it by several orders of magnitude compared to traditional NiCoMo LDH, reaching 10 −12 ∼ 10 −10 cm 2 s −1 . This study proposes a straightforward and scalable method for preparing electrode materials, providing a new approach for designing cathode materials for CIBs with high capacity output and long cycling life.