Enhancing Sustainable Business Performance Through Environmental Regulations, Corporate Social Responsibility and Green Human Resources Management and Green Employee Behaviour in Vietnam’s Hospitality Industry

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and green human resource management (GHRM) are gaining attention across industries but remain underexplored in hospitality and tourism. This sector heavily impacts the environment with substantial water use, high energy consumption, and waste generation. It faces increasing pressure from stakeholders for greater environmental responsibility, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of green initiatives and their effects. To address this gap, this article investigates how companies pursuing green initiatives influence sustainable business performance. Utilising data from 293 respondents in the hospitality industry in Vietnam, the study employs a partial least squares-structural equation model. The results reveal that CSR, GHRM and green employee behaviour positively impact sustainable business performance sustainability. Moreover, environmental regulation, green culture and green transformational leadership enhance CSR and GHRM. This study offers valuable insights into green initiatives, environmental regulation and CSR for governments, practitioners and academics. Managers can integrate green strategies into their operational practices, complying with environmental compliance, pursuing CSR and ultimately promoting sustainable performance.