Potential of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) in Medan City's Waste Management Strategy

Medan City faces significant waste management challenges, with increasing waste volumes and limited landfill capacity creating an urgent need for sustainable solutions. This study evaluates the potential of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) technology as an alternative waste management strategy. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and SWOT analysis, the research explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with RDF implementation in Medan City. The findings highlight that RDF technology can reduce landfill waste by up to 86%, decrease carbon emissions, and create economic opportunities, such as new jobs and cost efficiencies in waste management. However, significant challenges remain, including high initial investment costs, limited infrastructure, and low public awareness of waste segregation. Government support, private sector partnerships, and community participation are identified as critical factors for successful RDF implementation. Quantitative analysis of RDF production data from the Terjun Final Disposal Site (FDS) reveals that from October 2022 to December 2023, a cumulative 146,727 kg of RDF was produced, achieving daily waste reduction of over 1 ton. This aligns with global circular economy goals by transforming waste into energy while mitigating environmental degradation. This research provides a framework for cities seeking to adopt RDF technology, emphasizing the integration of environmental, economic, and social strategies. By leveraging strengths and opportunities, Medan City can position RDF as a model for sustainable waste management and energy transition.