Vocational training and employment as a tool for professional adaptation of war veterans

Practice has proven that professional training of war veterans is one of the tools of war veterans adaptation policy, formation of adaptation skills and return of ex-servicemen to peaceful life. The authors, raising this current topic, consider the problem of resocialization of veterans and their return to the labor market as a component of the policy of forming an inclusive labor market. With the goal of the research being the development of specific proposals and algorithms for improving the mechanisms of professional training of war veterans and their further employment, the authors analyzed the available foreign experience and bases of sociological surveys. The article examines theoretical aspects and approaches to the professional adaptation of war veterans to civilian life in modern conditions. The theoretical constructions of the study are considered, the characteristics of war veterans and combatants who are persons with disabilities are determined. The possibilities of their adaptation to civilian life in the absence of general demobilization are summarized. It has been proven that the main tool of professional adaptation of war veterans is professional training, but the effectiveness of such training is determined by further employment after its completion. Taking into account the analysis of the situation regarding the professional training of war veterans, which is conducted by the state employment service, the authors highlight the main problems of such training and further employment of this population category. Ignoring the problems of organization, legal regulation of professional training of war veterans and their further employment will have a negative impact on the veterans themselves, their families and society as a whole, which is confirmed by the experience of other countries that dealt with issues of adaptation of war veterans to civilian life. Ways to eliminate the problems and obstacles of professional training of war veterans and their employment for their effective adaptation to civilian life are proposed, including: on the basis of conducting a questionnaire of war veterans, determine their needs in rehabilitation, educational, social, medical services, employment services and professional training; conducting professional training of war veterans taking into account modern military and individual needs of war veterans and others.