Experience in Treating Traumatic Aneurysms (Pseudoaneurysms) of the Maxillary Artery Using Endovascular Techniques

Pseudoaneurysms, particularly of the maxillary artery, represent a significant clinical challenge due to their rarity and diagnostic complexity. Pseudoaneurysms arise from a breach in the arterial wall integrity, leading to a confined cavity filled with blood, which communicates with the arterial lumen but lacks the normal wall structure of the artery. These lesions are typically associated with trauma, surgical interventions, inflammatory processes, or atherosclerosis. Research shows that delayed diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms can lead to severe complications, such as massive hemorrhage or thromboembolic events. Due to the variability in symptoms, physicians must be aware of the clinical presentations and diagnostic tools that facilitate timely identification of this pathology.Objective:To present a detailed analysis of a clinical case involving a pseudoaneurysm of the maxillary artery that developed after surgical intervention. Main tasks:Describe the clinical case, Analyze diagnostic methods, Discuss treatment strategies, Evaluate treatment outcomes. In this study, we aim to demonstrate how early detection and appropriate treatment can significantly improve clinical outcomes and prevent complications. Various methods were used in the study, including clinical observation, review of the patient's medical records, and diagnostic techniques such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography with intravenous contrast (CT), and angiography. These methods enabled us to precisely visualize the pseudoaneurysm's structure and assess the extent of the lesion. Methods: Endovascular techniques were employed, representing a modern, minimally invasive approach to treating such conditions. These methods offer enhanced safety and faster recovery compared to traditional open surgical interventions. After conducting all necessary diagnostic procedures, we established an accurate diagnosis and developed a treatment plan. The patient underwent an endovascular intervention, which involved stenting of the pseudoaneurysm. Results: Significant improvement in the patient’s condition was observed within days of the procedure, with functional normalization and the absence of complications. These results highlight the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment in reducing the risk of severe outcomes. Conclusions: Our study emphasizes the need for clinicians to be aware of maxillary artery pseudoaneurysms. Early diagnosis can have a substantial impact on treatment outcomes. Endovascular methods have proven effective in treating pseudoaneurysms, offering new opportunities for therapy. However, further research is required to enhance therapeutic strategies, focusing on the mechanisms of this pathology's development and optimizing diagnostic approaches.