Multi-Objective Energy Optimization in Smart Distribution Network Considering Renewable Energy and Battery Storage System

In modern power systems, photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) must be adopted appropriately due to their complicated inherent characteristics. This paper has constructed a multi-objective optimization problem to balance technical, economic, and environmental objectives related to PV-BESS unit allocation and power factor (pf) in the radial distribution system (RDS). A complete review of all three planning factors aids in effective and dependable PV modules, BESS units, and RDS energy management strategy (EMS) planning. A novel multi-objective Greylag Goose Optimization (MOGGO) technique is used to minimize total active power loss, net annual cost, and environmental emissions in order to obtain optimal decision variables within operational constraints. The proposed technique is validated on an IEEE 33 bus RDS, and extensive study shows its benefits. The findings demonstrate that MOGGO's effective and competent solutions improve RDS's technical, economic, and environmental benefits when combined with PV and BESS.