Design and Implementation of a Vibration Detection System for Gas-Insulated Switchgear Using Fourier and Hilbert Transforms

Gas-insulated Switchgear (GIS) has gained increasing prominence in the context of high-voltage power grid development, owing to its stable performance, compact footprint, and high operational reliability. However, the presence of insulation and mechanical defects poses a risk to its functionality. Vibration signals offer a valuable means of analyzing and characterizing the operational state of GIS equipment, providing critical insights into potential faults. To ensure timely acquisition of operational information and maintain the safe and stable functioning of the system, as well as to safeguard the security of the power grid, it is imperative to design a detection and control system that monitors the vibration signals of GIS equipment. In this study, we analyze the characteristics of these vibration signals, discuss the principles guiding sensor selection, and elaborate on the theoretical foundations of signal analysis and measurement. The design approach for the host computer application is also outlined. The system utilizes Fourier Transform and Hilbert Transform methodologies to process the signals. A vibration detection system was developed based on LabVIEW software, enabling functions such as signal acquisition, data reading, signal processing, and feature extraction.