Using crime script analysis to unveil illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing of European eels

The exploitation of European eels, driven by the global demand for eel meat, is contributing significantly to the declining populations of the species. While the species faces other serious threats, like the loss of habitat, the harvesting of European eels to supply the transnational illegal trade has significantly increased. To better understand the illegal and unreported fishing of European eels, we employed a crime script analysis framework to examine the process by which glass eels are poached in one of the world’s major source countries—Spain. Through our analysis, we demonstrate that the IUU fishing of European eels is a specialized activity that requires a specific set of skills and tools. Our findings underscore the need for tailored intervention strategies to address the illegal and unreported fishing of European eels at each phase of the crime script, from preparation to post-activity. By understanding and addressing the intricacies of this criminal activity, we aim to contribute to the conservation efforts necessary to protect this endangered species.