A conceptual analytical framework for green infrastructure (GI) towards resilience building in urban contexts: A Stakeholders' collaboration perspective

The conceptualization of green infrastructure (GI) has evolved from a limited focus on individual green spaces to a more systemic approach that considers the interconnectedness of green spaces to offer a long-lasting, all-natural remedy for climate and urban challenges. This evolution has led to greater recognition of the importance of integrating GI into urban planning, significantly shaped by stakeholder participation. This paper presents a conceptual framework aimed at supporting GI planning and implementation, with a strong emphasis on stakeholders' collaboration. The framework is built upon the evolving understanding of GI, influenced by societal values, scientific advancements, collaborations, and policy frameworks. Through a systematic review of literature from 2013 to 2023, the paper examines the changing conceptions of GI, highlighting synergies and trade-offs in its application. Findings reveal that successful GI integration in urban planning requires a collaborative approach involving government, the private sector, and community groups. However, leading such collaboration effectively remains a challenge. The final conceptual framework presented in this paper outlines four stages of collaboration: the silo approach, multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary models. By adopting a collaborative, evolving approach to GI implementation, urban areas can fully realize the potential benefits for both people and the environment. • Review of evolving GI concepts and synergies with urban planning, and associated trade-offs, barriers and insights. • Development of a conceptual framework of GI integration underlining stakeholder collaboration. • Advocating a transdisciplinary model of collaboration for maximizing GI's urban resilience benefits. • Providing actionable recommendations for policymakers and practitioners. • Future research to test the framework with real-life case studies.