Lumbar spinal posture deviation: an observational study on the prevalence among auto-rickshaw drivers

Abstract Background There are different types of transportation facilities available in India, such as rail, water, and air transportation. In India, the auto rickshaw is a popular mode of public transport. Auto rickshaws are the next most commonly reported mode of transportation, used by 38% of rural households and 47% of urban households, respectively. This study addresses the occupational hazards experienced by auto-rickshaw drivers, as well as health issues such as musculoskeletal problems. Long rides and extended periods of sitting may increase the risk of lumbar spine damage, back discomfort, and stiffness. The purpose of the study is to assess and identify postural abnormalities, such as hypolordosis and hyperlordosis, among auto-rickshaw drivers in a suburban area of a state in India. Objective This study aims to investigate the prevalence of lumbar spinal posture deviation among auto rickshaw drivers. Method It is an observational study. Specific selection criteria were set, and participants were chosen through convenience sampling, with a sample size of 167 auto-rickshaw drivers from Gautam Buddh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Auto-rickshaw drivers aged 20 to 50 years were included in the study. Informed consent was obtained from each individual. A digital inclinometer was used to determine the lumbo-sacral angle (LSA) for the lumbar curvature. Anthropometric factors such as age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Result The study shows a significant prevalence of hypolordosis, with 83.8% of drivers displaying this postural abnormality. In addition, 4.8% of drivers showed hyperlordosis, whereas 11.4% had a normal lumbar curvature. Furthermore, the study analyzes the prevalence of postural abnormalities among age groups. Conclusion The study emphasizes the need to address postural irregularities among auto-rickshaw drivers, highlighting the prevalence of lumbar spinal posture deviation and the need for efforts to improve working conditions and promote proper posture. Future studies should be planned and executed to focus on developing tailored treatments and ergonomic measures to enhance the well-being of auto-rickshaw drivers.