Mountain Gazelle Optimizer-Tuned PID Controller for Frequency Stabilization of PV-Reheat Thermal Power System

Due to its vital function in controlling power generation and demand, the load frequency control (LFC) system is the focus of this study. As uncertainty around renewable energy sources and shifting demand patterns grow, so does the requirement for accuracy in the LFC system's implementation. This research investigates the dynamics of LFC in a hybrid power system that operates in two domains and consists of a photovoltaic (PV) system and a reheat thermal system. To enhance system performance, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is implemented. Furthermore, the work describes how the controller settings were tuned using a unique optimization method known as the mountain gazelle optimizer (MGO). This method has not been investigated in LFC designs. The objective function of the optimization method is an integral of time-multiplied absolute error (ITAE). The MGO-tuned PID controller's performance is contrasted with established techniques from recent literature. The results show that the proposed strategy is superior to the present methodologies, as evidenced by the improvement in damping durations and decrease in overshoot values for both system frequency and tie-line power variations.