Morphological dynamics of thin liquid films formed by bubbles oscillating near a free surface: Experimental and numerical investigation

Experiments confirm that film morphology is heavily influenced by deformation history, with continuous film presence throughout the entire deformation process leading to wimple formation. A modified lubrication-theory-based scaling captures the universal behavior of film thickness as a function of the capillary number across different morphologies. Our model aligns well with observed transitions between wimple and dimple shapes, offering valuable insights for the design of nanostructured surfaces.