GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SNPS OF CGH (GROWTH GENE) IN LOCAL BREED OF KASHMORE, SINDH, PAKISTAN

Present study revealed different single nucleotides mutations in GH (growth) hormone gene were found in Desi, (Local breed) varieties of chickens. The Desi chicken is a hardy breed, well suited to cold as well as hot climates. Desi chickens are domesticated for hundreds of years ago, the common desi breed is a best mother for hatching and possess a unique appearance but distinguish from other cross breeds. The chicken growth hormone (cGH) gene plays a crucial role in controlling growth and metabolism, leading to potential correlations between cGH polymorphisms and economic traits. Mutations were identified through PCR sequencing technique based on Genetic codons, these mutation were classified and explained. In Desi parent chickens on 45Bp a Non sense mutation was found that result in termination of protein formation. Such type of mutations is always considered to be a nonproductive for species growth. In F1 generation of Desi chickens a mis sense mutation was identified that denotes replacement of valine < Glycine at 118Bp and the second one mutation was found at 182 Bp as frame shift mutation results in productive amino acid from deleted codon. F2 generation Desi chicken had single mutation at 81 Bp in replacement of A<T results as mis sense mutation. However, the mutation percentage in all breeds was not greater than 1%, it means there was no any polymorphism obtained from cross breeding of both varieties but there were different mutations that resulted in replacement of deleted codons and also formation of essential and non-essential amino acids. Statistically it was proved to be more beneficial for in reduction of their mortality rates and a viable improvement, in their growth as well as different morpho-genic traits.