An in vitro comparative assessment of antidiabetic efficacy: Abroma augusta Q, Gymnema sylvestre Q, Cephalandra indica Q, Momordica charantia Q, Syzygium jambolanum Q in comparison to Metformin

Background: Homoeopathic mother tinctures are gaining attention for managing diabetes by inhibiting key enzymes in glucose metabolism. Objective: This study aimed to compare popular homoeopathic mother tinctures Abroma augusta Q (AAQ), Cephalandra indica Q (CIQ), Gymnema sylvestre Q (GSQ), Momordica charantia Q (MCQ) and Syzygium jambolanum Q (SJQ) with Metformin (MET) in inhibiting diabetes associated α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Methods: Mother tinctures AAQ, CIQ, GSQ, MCQ, SJQ and MET of concentrations 10 μL/mL, 50 μL/mL, 100 μL/mL, 250 μL/mL, and 500 μL/mL were assessed through α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. Results: All mother tinctures show significant inhibitory action at p < 0.01. AAQ and GSQ exhibited potent inhibition of both enzymes, with inhibitory percentages ranging from 70.41% (500 μL/mL) to 58.98% (10 μL/mL) for α-amylase and 68% (500 μL/mL) to 43.72% (10 μL/mL) for α-glucosidase and 73.98% (500 μL/mL) to 63.66% (10 μL/mL) for α-amylase and 65.31% (500 μL/mL) to 25.99% (10 μL/mL) for α-glucosidase, respectively. AAQ has an IC50 value of 107.9 μL/mL (α-amylase) and 43.87 μL/mL (α-glucosidase) which makes it evidently, a potent antidiabetic mother tincture. Conclusion: AAQ and GSQ demonstrated significant inhibition of diabetes associated enzymes when compared with MET.