General developments in force and torque metrology at PTB

This paper provides a horizontal overview of the developments in the field of force and torque measurement at PTB and plans for the future. The EMRP SIB63 project “Force traceability within the meganewton range”, in which the traceability range was increased from 16.5 MN to 50 MN, and the EMPIR project 18SIB08 “Comprehensive traceability for force metrology services”, which aimed to provide traceable calibration of dynamic processes, are presented. PTB's research work in torque metrology has focused on the new 5 MN·m torque standard machine (TSM). The requirements for torque measurement in the drivetrain in nacelle test benches were investigated in the research project 14IND14 “MN·m Torque”. PTB developed and realised the concept for a TSM with a nominal torque of up to 5 MN m. To provide traceability for the investigation and analysis of wind turbines in corresponding test benches, the EMPIR project 19ENG08 “Traceable mechanical and electrical power measurement for efficiency determination of wind turbines” developed a method for determining the efficiency of wind turbines.