Mapping and spatial analysis of hypertension and diabetes prevalence in selected rural South African communities

Aims: The widespread prevalence of non-communicable diseases in rural South African communities is concerning. This study aimed to determine the number of cases of hypertension and diabetes reported in rural clinics during the period under review. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and the geographical distribution of healthcare facilities in rural communities in the North-West province. Hypertension and diabetes were defined as blood pressure ≥130/80 mm Hg and fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL. The range of values for each district municipality (DM) were used to represent map densities and the number of patients screened for hypertension or diabetes. Results: Hypertension and diabetes map densities were highest in the Bojanala DM and lowest in Dr. Ruth Segomotsi Mompati DM. The number of patients screened for hypertension was highest in the Dr. Ruth Segomotsi Mompati DM (11955-14940) and lowest in the Ngala Modiri Molema DM (11-2996). The number of patients screened for diabetes was highest in the Bojanala DM (12868-16083) and lowest in the Dr. Ruth Segomotsi Mompati DM and Dr. Kenneth Kaunda DM (1-3218). Conclusions: Although higher numbers of hypertension and diabetes were reported in urban areas, the numbers were grossly low in rural areas. This difference may be associated with the lifestyle of the residents of each area and the uneven distribution of clinics and health centers for the diagnosis and management of these conditions.