A Rare Case of Impaired Consciousness, Compartment Syndrome and Rhabdomyolisis Following Local Dermal Exposure to Stinging Nettles (Urtica dioica)

Aim: Nettle (Urtica dioica) is widely used in traditional medicine but is also known for its irritating effects upon dermal contact. While local irritation is common, severe systemic reactions are rarely reported. In this case, we aim to present a patient who developed altered consciousness, rhabdomyolysis, and compartment syndrome following dermal exposure to Urtica dioica. Case: An eighty-five-year-old female initially presented to the emergency department with localized itching and edema. However, on repeat admission days later, she exhibited confusion, agitation, and significant swelling in her left arm. Laboratory findings revealed rhabdomyolysis, with marked renal dysfunction, elevated creatine kinase, troponin, and inflammatory markers. Imaging ruled out intracranial pathology, and Doppler ultrasonography excluded vascular obstruction. Despite treatment, the patient required long-term care in a palliative setting. Conclusion: Although Urtica dioica is traditionally known for its medicinal properties, its irritant effects can lead to serious systemic complications following dermal exposure. The findings highlight the potential life-threatening outcomes of a commonly encountered plant, emphasizing the need for awareness and prompt intervention in such cases. Clinicians should consider these risks when managing patients with similar presentations.