Import substitution policy in Rostov region: main directions and tools

This research paper examines the import substitution policy in Rostov region, analyzing the main directions and tools used in this process. The article discusses the support measures offered by regional authorities to stimulate domestic production and reduce dependence on imports. The authors consider the existing strategies and mechanisms of import substitution, which stimulate this policy in the Rostov region. The tools that promote this policy are analyzed. Changes in the geopolitical situation in recent years make this problem particularly relevant. On the one hand, sanctions stimulate the development of domestic industries and reduce dependence on imports. On the other hand, import substitution is associated with a number of problems, such as rising prices, lower product quality and technological lag. The purpose of the study is to identify the strengths and weaknesses in the field of import substitution, to find the most effective mechanisms that contribute to this process in the Rostov region, to identify priority areas. The research methodology is based on the Russian school of economic thought, proceeding from the understanding of the Russian civilization as independent, autonomous and distinctive. The instrumental and methodological apparatus of the study was determined by a set of methods of the theoretical level of scientific knowledge, among which logical and systemic approaches, observation, data groupings, methods of comparative analysis, analysis and synthesis should be distinguished. As a result of the study, the authors identified those areas in which the Rostov region achieved the greatest success: machine tool building, radio electronics, agricultural engineering and others. The main tools that contributed to the widespread use of import-substituting technologies were also investigated: the creation of a specialized body, leasing, soft loans and grants.