An association study of serum calcium as a predictor of severity and prognosis in diabetic ketoacidosis in a tertiary care hospital

Background and objectives. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by metabolic acidosis and elevated ketone levels. While serum calcium levels have been studied in various medical contexts, their significance in assessing the severity and prognosis of DKA remains insufficiently examined. This study aims to explore the relationship between serum calcium levels and the clinical outcomes of DKA patients in a tertiary care setting. Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 20 patients hospitalized with DKA. Clinical data and laboratory results, including initial serum calcium concentrations, were gathered for analysis. Patients were categorized based on their serum calcium levels, and the relationship between these levels and clinical outcomes, severity indicators, and duration of hospital stay was evaluated. Outcomes. The primary results reveal a notable association between admission serum calcium levels and the severity of DKA. Patients with lower initial calcium levels experienced more complications, extended hospital stays, and higher severity indicators. Additionally, the study suggests potential links between serum calcium and important factors related to DKA severity. Conclusion. This research highlights the possible role of serum calcium as a predictor of severity and prognosis in DKA. Recognizing the connection between serum calcium levels and clinical outcomes may enhance risk assessment, facilitate early interventions, and support customized management approaches. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings and investigate the underlying mechanisms at play.