Data encryption as a method of protecting personal data in a cloud environment

In the context of cloud technologies, encryption plays a critical role, as data are constantly transmitted over the network and stored on remote servers, which makes them a potential target for cyber-attacks. The purpose of the study lied in a comprehensive analysis of data encryption methods as the main tool for protecting personal information in cloud services. Modern encryption technologies, including symmetric and asymmetric encryption, and their application in various cloud platforms were considered. A comparative analysis of these methods was conducted in terms of their effectiveness, impact on system performance, and complexity in implementation. An important aspect of the study was the examination of problems related to the management of encryption keys, including their secure storage and protection from unauthorised access. The study also examined examples of successful encryption implementation on popular cloud platforms and ways to ensure their compliance with the requirements of legislation in the field of personal data protection. The regulatory acts regulating the processing and storage of personal information and their impact on the choice and implementation of encryption methods in the cloud were analysed. The results of the study showed that encryption remains one of the most reliable ways to protect data in a cloud environment but an integrated approach is needed for its effective application. Optimal data protection includes not only encryption but also key management, regular security monitoring, and staff training. This helps minimise the risks of data leaks and increase user confidence in cloud services