Solar PV-Based Enhanced EV Battery Charging Solution With SOSMCC Disturbance Observer for Seamless Grid Integration via SABCAF Control

The vision of achieving zero-carbon emissions in the automobile sector, powered by solar PV-based charging, fosters clean energy transportation and supports sustainable development. Therefore, this paper proposes a sustainable solution for integrating solar photovoltaic (SPV) systems into residential grids by incorporating an electric vehicle (EV) battery energy storage (BES) system and linear/nonlinear load. It utilizes a second-order sliding mode cascaded control (SOSMCC) to regulate the DC-link voltage and manage EV battery charge/discharge operations. This control system is enhanced with disturbance observers to handle the overshoot/undershoot in the DC-link voltage within a cycle under various dynamic situations, i.e., load perturbation, changing solar insolation, and transitions between grid and vehicle charging modes. After comparing the performance of multiple disturbance observers, the linear extended state disturbance observer (LESDO) demonstrates the lowest undershoot (less than 5%) and settling time among other observers. A robust Sparse-Aware Bias-Compensated Adaptive Filtering (SABCAF) algorithm is employed to calculate the fundamental component of load current, effectively reducing higher and suborder harmonic components from deformed load currents. The comparative analysis shows that SABCAF control improves system dynamics by minimizing mean square (MSE) error, enhancing convergence speed, and injecting lower harmonic currents into the grid, thus improving the power quality of the distribution network. The total harmonic distortion (THD) analysis complies with IEEE 519 standard which is less than 5%.