Advancements in Nb₃Sn 12 T Cos-Theta Dipole Development for Next-Generation Accelerators: The INFN-CERN Collaboration on the FalconD Project

Research for next-generation accelerators necessitates the development of high-field bending dipoles, which are critical for achieving precise beam control and optimizing efficiency. Among the promising superconducting materials is Nb<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn, which has already demonstrated its effectiveness in accelerator magnets, such as the MQXF quadrupoles used in the high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC. In collaboration with CERN, the Genoa and Milan divisions of INFN are spearheading the development of a 12-T Nb<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn dipole model configured in a cos-theta geometry, known as FalconD (Future Accelerator post-LHC Cos-theta Optimised Nb<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_\text{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn dipole). This ambitious project focuses on pushing the limits of magnetic field strength and stability. A crucial component of this effort is the fabrication of high-performance coils, a task entrusted to the Italian company ASG Superconductors. This contribution provides an in-depth overview of the project's design considerations, including the coil architecture, material selection, and key technological challenges. Additionally, it discusses the fabrication process, testing methodologies, and future prospects for implementing these advanced dipoles in next-generation particle accelerators.