Mitigating brilliant green dye phytotoxicity through bioiron nanoparticles: Enhancing plant safety and defense

Nanoparticles due to non-toxicity, bioavailability and efficiency are popular in agriculture. Iron being one of most important micronutrients is essential for growth of plants and their development. In the present study bio prospecting of iron rich sites was carried for quantitative assessment of bioiron nanoparticles synthesizing activity and molecular characterization. The iron nanoparticle synthesized by Bacillus cereus strain MJS3.0 were analysed by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM and DLS techniques. Phytotoxicity studies of one of the most potent textile dye Brilliant green was studied by biosynthesized iron nanoparticles under in vitro and in vivo conditions as decolourization does not mean detoxification. Thus, twelve agriculturally important plant species were assessed in relative in vitro sensitivity experiments and 100% seed germination along with highest plumule and radical development was observed with iron nanoparticles treated 20 ppm brilliant green dye within 2 weeks of time. In vivo experiments conducted in triplicates determined 100% seed germination and increased shoot and root length, respectively. Thus, iron nanoparticles being environment friendly and cost effective not only leads to protection of human health and maintenance of ecological balance but also remediates contaminants from soil at faster rate and thus lead to plant protection.