Advanced processing techniques for electric field-guided electrospinning of self-organized Ag nanoparticle electrodes for real-time humidity and temperature sensing

Abstract With the rapid expansion of flexible electronics, there is an urgent need for sustainable production methods that enhance device performance while minimizing environmental impact. This work presents an innovative, green approach for fabricating flexible, patterned electrodes via electric field-driven self-organization of conductive fibers onto flexible substrates. By applying high voltage to both the dispensing nozzle and an underlying printed circuit board substrate, the system leverages controlled electric fields to direct fiber jets with precision, eliminating the need for conventional masking techniques. The fiber composition-polyethylene oxide integrated with silver nanoparticles-provides both conductivity and environmental compatibility. This streamlined technique notably reduces material usage, processing time, and chemical waste. Practical demonstrations involve the construction of flexible conductive electrodes for humidity and temperature sensors, achieving a low sheet resistance near 10 Ω sq −1 , attesting to the method’s functional viability. The process ensures precise fiber alignment and consistent deposition, paving the way for its integration into flexible sensor and device applications. This study underscores the potential of electric field manipulation to revolutionize coating processes for sustainable and scalable production in flexible electronics.