Temporal variation in terrestrial Carex flora associated with scrub woodland development on excavation slope

In the present study, we conducted a survey of Carex flora in an experimental revegetation site using five terrestrial Carex species established in 2005 in Minami-minowa Village in Nagano Prefecture, Central Japan.The vegetation of the site developed into scrub woodland (approximately 10 trunks and 100 cm 2 of stand basal area per m 2 ) by 2023.Only C. multifolia Ohwi (CM) persisted and showed population growth in 2023.In 2009, CM exhibited minimal invasive tendencies into adjacent plots.However, it subsequently spread approximately 3 m from the original plots to form a wider distribution range.C. sachalinensis F.Schmidt (CS) and C. aphanolepis Franch.et Sav.(CA) also invaded the site to form small patches.It was considered that CM could thrive in both sunny and shaded environments, while CS and CA could thrive after scrub woodland development.These findings show the dynamic changes in terrestrial sedge flora associated with vegetational succession.