Palumoids A and B, Two New Dimeric Phenylpropanoids With Anti‐gouty Activity From <i>Erythropalum scandens</i> Blume

ABSTRACT Erythropalum scandens Blume is widely utilized as both a functional vegetable and herbal medicine in southern China, however, its bioactive components have yet to be fully identified. In this study, two new phenylpropanoid dimers palumoids A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ) with distinct coupling manners were identified from the plant. Biologically, these phenylpropanoids showed superior inhibition of interleukin‐1β release in monosodium urate‐stimulated THP‐1 cells compared to the positive drug colchicine. Notably, compound 2 , featuring a pyran ring linkage between the two phenylpropanoid monomers, exhibited stronger activity than 1 . Further mechanistic studies revealed that compound 2 acts as an NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor by specifically blocking the activation of NLRP3, interfering with the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex.