Innovative silicon nanoparticle-based patches for athlete sweat analysis: exploring implications for training optimization

Abstract This study introduces a groundbreaking approach in sports science through the development of silicon nanoparticle-enhanced patches for real-time sweat analysis in athletes. Central to this innovation is the synthesis of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) with a 60 nm average diameter, ensuring uniformity and effectiveness in sweat monitoring applications. The patches demonstrate exceptional biocompatibility and robust performance under the demanding conditions of athletic activity. In practical tests, they accurately detected sodium and potassium in sweat, showcasing a linear response with an R 2 value close to 1 for concentration measurements. During on-body trials with athletes, the patches effectively monitored Na + concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 2.95 mM, demonstrating sensitivity suitable for physiological monitoring. Notably, dermatological tests affirmed a 97% rate of non-reactivity among athletes, highlighting the patches’ safety for extended wear during training sessions. This technology marks a substantial leap in athlete monitoring, offering detailed, real-time insights into physiological states for optimizing training regimens and performance assessment.