Determinants of Efficient Needs Delivery to Farmers of Odisha, India: A Multi-approach Constraint Analysis

Extension and Advisory Service (EAS) providers serve as the primary means of delivering these needs and play a crucial role in improving agricultural output; yet, farmers have challenges related to the effective implementation of these services. This study seeks to identify the primary challenges encountered by farmers in Odisha. Utilizing an exploratory study design with two methodologies, namely Mean Percent Score and Garrett's Ranking procedure, the issues were prioritized. Farmers had challenges with the EAS in three primary domains: social skills, empowerment, and innovation adoption. Poor leadership development training under the Social Skill with a mean garret score with 77.14 ranked 1, the casual approach from EAS towards empowerment issues under empowerment with a mean garret score of 77.07 ranked 2 and finally high investment required for adopting recommended practices ranked third in the Adoption of Innovation with a mean garret score of 76.81. The study proposes targeted solutions to the challenges encountered by farmers in the region via a collaborative approach involving all stakeholders.