Effects of Coadministration of <i>Eryngium billardieri </i>and<i> Boswellia serrata</i> Extracts on Insulin-Related Biomarkers, Lipid Profile, and Hepatic Enzymes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: A multifactorial metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), this condition is expected to be among the most critical global health concerns in 2045. Despite the recent developments in medications for patients living with type 2 diabetes (T2D), there is still no definitive cure. As nearly all medications have their own complications, some herbs seem beneficial as alternatives. From this perspective, the present study investigated the effects of the coadministration of Eryngium billardieri (EB) and Boswellia serrata (BS) extracts on biochemical indices in patients with T2D. Methods: Sixty patients with T2D, aged 35–55, were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: experiment and control. For four weeks, the experimental group was given a combination of the EB (14 cc) and BS (7 cc) extracts in addition to the routine medications. However, the controls only received routine care and medications. Results: A significant reduction was observed in fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and triglyceride (TG) levels. There was a substantial upsurge in disposition index (DI), homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) levels in the patients in the experimental group. The serum insulin levels showed no major changes. Conclusion: The study results revealed that the EB and BS coadministration could be a therapeutic approach or a supplement for patients with DM.