Mathematical modelling of polyvinyl chloride embedded tin tungsto phosphate composite membrane for industrial water separation

Abstract A novel tin tungstophosphate (TTP) composite ion‐exchange membrane was made with casting a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by co‐precipitation method. The electrochemical characterization and intermolecular interactions between the components in composite membranes are established by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The membrane potential has been used to characterize the ion‐transport processes across a charged membrane and follow the order: NaCl>KCl > NaNO 3 > KNO 3 .The fixed‐charge density is the primary determinant of transport phenomena in membranes, although additional electrochemical factors augment membrane efficiency. The electrolytes' capacity to transmit charges in a membrane in a certain sequence is influenced by the counterions. The experimental results and the theoretical prediction for membrane potential agree very well. The membrane mentioned above is excellent for separating industrial water.