In vitro Propagation Techniques for 'Ferragnes' and 'Ferraduel' Almond Cultivars: Concentration Optimization and Rooting Success

In this study, an appropriate in vitro propagation technique was determined for 'Ferragnes' and 'Ferraduel' almond varieties, which are used in almond orchards for various reasons. To facilitate shoot and proliferation development in the culture medium, 1 mg L-1 and 2 mg L-1 concentrations of BAP were added to the MS medium. For the 'Ferragnes' variety, it was found that 1.0 mg L-1 BAP concentration was more suitable, resulting in a higher number of leaves. When the BAP concentration was 2 mg L-1, the explants exhibited greater length. Explants started to grow on nutrient medium containing 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1 BAP by the fifth day and 73% of the explants reached a size suitable for subculturing by the end of the third week. The study found that varying the concentrations of IBA did not affect rooting rates. In the rooting medium containing 0.1 mg L-1 NAA, rooting success averaged 23.07% with 2.6 roots per plant for 'Ferragnes' and 62.50% rooting success with an average of 2 roots per plant for 'Ferraduel’.