Physico-chemical characterization of some naturally grown apricot genotypes

The degradation of natural ecosystems under global climate change, coupled with increasing population pressures, results in a narrowing of genetic resources while exacerbating biotic and abiotic stress factors, thereby limiting plant production. In this context, the thorough exploration, comprehensive characterization, and effective conservation of genetic resources have gained significant importance, serving as crucial steps in preserving biodiversity and supporting sustainable utilization strategies. In this study, twelve apricot genotypes of seed origin from various provinces were characterized in terms of several physico-chemical properties in 2023 and 2024. The traits examined showed significant differences among the genotypes, with variation coefficients ranging from 11.18% (fruit length) to 52.78% (ripening index). The fruit width, length, and weight varied from 24.01 to 39.99 mm, from 27.41 to 40.36 mm, and from 9.58 to 33.01 g, respectively. Seed adhesion was not observed in the ten genotypes, while the a* value of the upper skin color ranged from 4.66 to 14.17. Seed weight positively contributed to the improvement of pomological characteristics, while reducing biochemical accumulation. Genotypes 1 and 3, which are prominent for their large fruit size and relatively low soluble solid content, seem promising for fresh consumption. In contrast, Genotypes 2, 4, and 5, with their high acidity, may be suitable for industrial applications.