OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXTRACTION PROCESS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPLEXES FROM PSORALEA DRUPACEA BGE ROOTS

In recent years, due to the emergence of previously unknown types of viral diseases (avian influenza, swine flu type A/H1N1), the search for new drugs against bacteria and viruses has become a very pressing problem. Synthetic drugs, which, in addition to the obvious antiviral and antiviricidal action, have a number of side effects on the nervous, respiratory, digestive, hepatobiliary systems, and also cause allergic reactions as a result predominate among modern drugs in this field. In terms of side effects of herbal medicines, the advantage is to reduce the effects, since the biosynthesis of plant-based drugs does not contradict the biosynthesis of humans and animals. In the course of solving these current problems, it has been established that the dry extract obtained from the roots of Psoralea drupacea Bge. is active against strains of avian influenza viruses. The article presents the results of research related to the optimization of the extraction process of this substance. The influence of various factors of the extraction process: extractant nature, raw material grinding degree, extraction duration, extraction method (sedimentation (maceration), percolation, extraction with a boiling solvent in a Soxhlet apparatus) on the total yield of extractive substances and the amount of furocoumarins was studied. The results of the research demonstrated that the most effective extractant is ethanol, and the optimal degree of raw material grinding is 1.25 mm. The most optimal extraction method is raw material extraction with ethanol by Soxhlet apparatus. In this case, after 3 days, the dry extract yield was high (5.80%) and the maximum amount of furocoumarins was also high (72.34%). Nevertheless, maceration with stirring and heating can give good results, and the advantage of the process is its simplicity and the ability to increase the raw material upload.