Environmental impact of solid waste landfilling in Balochistan-A risk assessment for SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation), SDG 11 (sustainable cities and communities), SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production),

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most common wastes that need disposal. However, landfilling is still the most commonly practiced method of waste disposal, but it poses great threats to the environment. This article will look at the major environmental effects of landfilling with a focus on Pakistan and Balochistan province in particular. Emerging projects related to improvement of waste management systems in these areas will also be discussed together with the existing solid waste management challenges. Groundwater pollution, emission of landfill gases to air and adverse effects of poor waste handling on human health and other living organisms are some of the issues that shall be covered in this review. Additionally, advancements in waste-to-energy technologies, recycling initiatives, and community-based waste management efforts aimed at mitigating these impacts shall also be considered as possible solutions in order to achieve the sustainability development goals including SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation), SDG 11 (sustainable cities and communities), SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG 13 (climate action), SDG 14 (life below water) and SDG 15 (life on land).