Effects of flubendiamide and lead exposure on circulating thyroid hormone levels in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves

The current investigation aimed to find how exposure to lead and flubendiamide affected the amounts of thyroid hormone levels in buffalo calves’ blood. For ninety days, male buffalo calves were given lead acetate orally at a rate of 9.2 mg/kg bw/day and flubendiamide orally at a rate of 0.024 mg/kg bw/day, either in combination or separately. T3 and T4 levels in blood decreased in response to both flubendiamide and lead exposure alone. When lead and flubendiamide were administered together, the animals’ T3 and T4 levels declined less than when lead and flubendiamide were administered separately. TSH activity increased markedly in rats exposed to both lead and flubendiamide, but not consistently in animals treated with flubendiamide alone. Results of the present study indicated thyrotoxic potential of flubendiamide and lead in buffalo calves. However, further study is required to elucidate the mechanism of thyrotoxic potential of flubendiamide and to understand the interactive effects of these two toxicants on thyroid function in mammals.