Waste Management Strategies to Achieve Circular Economy in Korean Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Industry: Implications and Development Plans from Global Cases

Objectives : As the importance of ESG in industry increases, global pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies are actively adopting circular economy principles in alignment with ESG reporting standards. With stricter environmental regulations emerging in Europe and the U.S., it is necessary for Korean companies focusing on the CDMO (Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization) to adapt to the changes. This research aims to provide suggestions for Korean companies to secure global competitiveness by improving their waste management strategy based on the circular economy through the case of global companies.Methods : The waste management and circular economy strategies of the global top 10 companies, waste management leaders, and Korean pharmaceutical and biotech companies (Yuhan, Hanmi Pharm, Celltrion, SK Bioscience) were analyzed in three stages: plastic waste reduction, value chain management, and take-back policies.Results and Discussion : Global companies were disclosing quantitative achievements in their plastic reduction strategies, introducing solutions in the transportation process that included supply chains, and establishing extended producer responsibility legislation (EPR) policies for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. In contrast, Korean companies lack detailed goals and measurable outcomes in these areas, with limited participation in global initiatives and insufficient EPR strategies due to a lack of government regulation.Conclusion : Korean pharmaceutical & biotech companies should establish strategies, such as upgrading plastic waste management systems, converting packaging materials, joining initiatives, and introducing take-back programs, with transparently disclosing their performance to achieve circular economic goals and strengthen their competitiveness in the global market.