Levelized cost of energy for various floating offshore wind farm designs in the areas covered by the Spanish maritime spatial planning

Spain took a significant step towards achieving its goal of installing 1 to 3 GW of floating offshore wind capacity by 2030, by implementing Maritime Spatial Planning encompassing 19 designated areas. Therefore, it is essential to calculate the Levelized Cost of Energy for strategically designed floating wind farms, taking into account the number and capacity of wind turbines. To find the most cost-effective offshore wind energy sites, the optimal combination of rated power and number of turbines was determined and compared across different locations. This analysis used downscaled wind data from the 6th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project multi-model ensemble, covering the 2025–2049 period under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 2–4.5 climate scenario, matching the expected lifespan of wind farms. The results show that the Levelized Cost of Energy is lower for farms with a higher number of wind turbines with increased rated power. The areas located in the Canary Islands exhibit the most economically advantageous prices overall, ranging from 100 to 135 €/MWh. Regions such as Galicia and Cataluña also present a high diversity in prices (105–160 €/MWh), while Andalucía shows moderate values (135–140 €/MWh). • Spain defined a Maritime Spatial Planning with 19 areas for offshore wind farms. • The Levelized Cost of Energy for various floating wind farms was calculated there. • The most advantageous design consists of a maximum number of 15 MW wind turbines. • The best locations are in the Canary Islands, Galicia and Cataluña.