Optimized Biomass Production of Probiotic Bacterium Pediococcus acidilactici TMAB26 Using Pineapple Peel: A Response Surface Methodology Approach

Probiotics, being non-pathogenic, offer distinct health advantages tailored to specific species and demonstrate antioxidant properties. Currently, there is a growing interest among people in probiotics due to their therapeutic and health-promoting benefits. The study aimed for utilization of pineapple peel waste as carbon source for biomass production of probiotic bacterial strain Pediococcus acidilactici TMAB26 demonstrating promising avenues for sustainable and efficient production methods. By employing Central Composite Design (CCD) Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the study successfully optimized fermentation conditions, highlighting the significance of pH, temperature, and inoculum size in maximizing biomass yield. The pineapple peel waste was used as complete carbon source that replaced half of the other nutrient componentsof commercial MRS broth. The optimization of medium for biomass production of Pediococcus acidilactici TMAB26 was carried out using Central Composite Design (CCD) in 2 L Erlenmeyer flasks. The findings highlight the pivotal role of the physical parameters in enhancing biomass production, with an optimal combination of 2.5% inoculum, pH 6.5, and temperature 35 °C resulting in a significant biomass yield of 2.56g/100ml. Furthermore, the pineapple peel extract exhibited notable total phenolic content of 262 μg/mL and glucose content of 1.83%, indicating its significance as a valuable nutrient source. Moreover, the probiotic strain TMAB26 showed impressive antioxidant potential, as evidenced by its high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (92.1 ± 4%) with an IC50 of 24.76 μg/ml.