Collaborative singular value decomposition with user-item interaction expansion for first-time user and item recommendations

In today's digital landscape, recommendation systems are essential for delivering personalized content and improving user engagement across various platforms. However, a key challenge known as the cold-start problem—where limited user-item interaction data hampers the ability to generate accurate recommendations—remains a significant obstacle, particularly for new users and items. To address this issue, this paper introduces an enhanced methodology combining collaborative singular value decomposition (Co-SVD) with an innovative approach to reduce data sparsity. The objective of this research is to improve recommendation accuracy in sparse data environments by leveraging collaborative information in the user-item interaction matrix. Extensive experiments conducted on an e-commerce dataset validate the superiority of the proposed Enhanced Co-SVD model over traditional Co-SVD, content-based filtering, and random recommendation methods across multiple metrics. Our approach demonstrates particular strength in cold-start scenarios, providing precise recommendations with minimal user interaction data. These findings have important implications for e-marketing, personalized user experiences, and overall business success in online environments.