Comparative Analysis of Mutations of the Gynogenesis Maize Genes

The SNP polymorphism in gynogenesis (Zm_Pla1, Zm_CenH3, Zm_Dmp7) genes from haploid-inducing and control maize lines was evaluated. Using sequencing and multiple alignment methods the SNP, deletions, insertions in the target genes was established in comparing with the reference B73 maize line, and the phylogenetic trees were prepared. The presence of a 4-nucleotide insertions (4NI) and 15 identical SNP in the Zm_Pla1 gene of the ancestral Stock 6 and haploid-inducing ZMS-8 and ZMS-P maize lines and the absence of 4NI in the Zm_Pla1 gene in parthenogenetic as well as control maize lines were established. Phylogenetic analysis of the Zm_Pla1 gene confirmed the relationships between Stock 6 and haploid-inducing ZMS-P and ZMS-8 maize lines from Saratov. The presence of 5 SNPs in the Zm_Dmp7 gene of the ZMS-8 line, 3 SNPs and one 3-nucleotide deletion in the Zm_Dmp7 gene of the ZMS-P line, 3 SNPs and a 9-nucleotide deletion in the Zm_Dmp7 gene of the KM line were observed. The SNP (at position 131 from the start codon) in the Zm_Dmp7 gene is the reason for the increased haploid-inducing ability in CAU5, but not for ZMS-P maize line. Additionally, the 3-nucleotide deletion in the Zm_Dmp7 gene in the ZMS-P maize line and a 9-nucleotide deletion in the KM maize line were observed.